主题式复习讲座3——《高考中的草酸》: 120519e1ukaaoo41mhiyo4.png

<div class="wx_rich_media_content" id="jsWxContainer"><section style="text-align: center;" nodeleaf=""><span class="wxart_image" wx-style="display:inline-block;width: 505px;height: auto !important;"></span></section><p><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><br></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">草酸，不仅存在于植物中，也时常存在于化学试卷上。</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><br></span></span></b></p><p><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">1</span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．草酸的弱酸性</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">室温下，用</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">0.1 mol·L</span></span>^{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">-1</span></span>}</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">的</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">NaOH</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">溶液滴定</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">25 mL 0.1mol·L</span></span>^{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">-1 </span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">H</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">C</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">O</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span>}</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">溶液的滴定曲线如图所示</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">[</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">已知：</span></span></span><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">K</span></span></span></i>_{<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">a1</span></span></span>}<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">(H</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">C</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">O</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">) = 5×10</span></span>^{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">−2</span></span>}</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">，</span></span></span><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">K</span></span></span></i>_{<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">a2</span></span></span>}<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">(H</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">C</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">O</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">) = 6×10</span></span>^{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">−5</span></span>}</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">，忽略溶液混合时体积和温度的变化</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">]</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">。</span></span></span></p><section style="text-align: center;" nodeleaf=""><span class="wxart_image" wx-style="display:inline-block;width: 291px;height: auto !important;"></span></section><p><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">1</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">a</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">点</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">→b</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">点的化学方程式</span></span></span><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">     </span></span></span></u><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">，</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="vertical-align: middle;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">b</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">点</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">c</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">点的化学方程式</span></span></span><u><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">     </span></span></span></span></u><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">。</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">b</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">点溶液的</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">pH</span></span><u><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span></u><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">7</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（填</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">“</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">＞</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">”</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">、</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">“</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">＜</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">”</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">或</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">“=”</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">，下同），</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">[H</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">C</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">O</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">]</span></span><u><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">  </span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">  </span></span></u><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">[C</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">O</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span>}^{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}</span>^{<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">−</span></span></span>}<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">]</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">。</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="vertical-align: middle;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">当溶液中</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">[Na</span></span>^{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">+</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">] = [HC</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">O</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span>}</span>^{<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">−</span></span></span>}<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">] + 2[C</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">O</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span>}^{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}</span>^{<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">−</span></span></span>}<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">]</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">时，加入</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">NaOH</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">溶液的体积的区间为</span></span></span><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">     </span></span></span></u><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">。</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="vertical-align: middle;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">3</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">a</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">、</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">b</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">、</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">c</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">三点时水的电离程度由大到小的顺序是</span></span></span><u><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">  </span></span></span></span></u><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">。</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="vertical-align: middle;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">a</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">点溶液中，</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">0.1mol·L</span></span>^{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">-1</span></span>}</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">的</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">H</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">C</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">O</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span>}</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">溶液的电离度为</span></span></span><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">   </span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span></span></u><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">。</span></span></span></p><p style="vertical-align: middle;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">5</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）当</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">[</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">H</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">C</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">O</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span>}</span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">]</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">＝</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">[C</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">O</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span>}^{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}</span>^{<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">−</span></span></span>}<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">] </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">时，计算该溶液的</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">pH</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">＝</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">___</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">。</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（结果保留二位小数）</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="vertical-align: middle;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">6</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">d</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">点的值约为</span></span></span><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">       </span></span></span></u><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（结果保留一位小数）。</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋体;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><br></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋体;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">答案：（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">1</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">H</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">C</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">O</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">+NaOH = NaHC</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">O</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> + H</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">O</span></span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">NaHC</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">O</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> + NaOH = Na</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">C</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">O</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">+ H</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">O</span></span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋体;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）＜</span></span></span><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">＜  </span></span><span style="font-size: 10.5pt;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">25</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10.5pt;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">，</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 10.5pt; font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">50</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 10.5pt;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）</span></span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;color: blue;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋体;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">3</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">c b a</span></span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋体;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">50%</span></span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋体;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">5</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2.76</span></span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋体;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">6</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;color: blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">8.4</span></span></span></p><p><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><br></span></span></b></p><p><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: 宋体; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．草酸的不稳定性</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋体; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">草酸和草酸盐受热易分解。</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">1</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）草酸受热分解，生成物之一是</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">CO</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">，写出该反应的化学方程式</span></span></span><u><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">   </span></span></span></u><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">。</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">将草酸受热分解产生的气体进行如下实验。下列说法正确的是</span></span></span><u><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span><span lang="EN-US"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">  </span></span></span></span></u><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">。</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">A</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．用足量的</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">NaOH</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">溶液充分吸收后，可收集得到纯净的</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">CO</span></span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">B</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．通过灼热的氧化铜，若出现黑色变红色现象，则产生的气体中一定有</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">CO</span></span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">C</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．通入足量的澄清石灰水中，若能产生白色沉淀，则产生的气体中一定有</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">CO</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="vertical-align: middle;"><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">D</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．通入酸性</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">KMnO</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span>}</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">溶液中，若能使溶液褪色，说明草酸具有还原性</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋体; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">3</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）实验室采用下面的方法制备纳米铁粉。反应原理为：</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">I</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．制备草酸亚铁：</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">FeSO</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> +</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> H</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">C</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">O</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span>}<span style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> = FeC</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">O</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">↓ + H</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">SO</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span>}<o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">II</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．隔绝空气，把草酸亚铁粉末在</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">700℃</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">下焙烧，即可得到纳米铁粉。有关的化学反应方程式为：</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">FeC</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">O</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> = Fe + 2CO</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">↑</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（条件：加热）。</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p style="vertical-align: middle;"><span style="font-family: 宋体; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">已知：</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">草酸的</span></span></span><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">K</span></span></span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">a</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">1</span></span>}</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">＝</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">5.9×10</span></span></span>^{<span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">－</span></span></span>}^{<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span></span>}<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> </span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">、</span></span></span><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">K</span></span></span></i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">a</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}</span><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">＝</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">6.4×10</span></span></span>^{<span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">－</span></span></span>}^{<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">5</span></span></span>}<span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">，</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">FeC</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">O</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span>}</span><span style="font-family: 宋体; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">的</span></span></span><i><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">K</span></span></span></i>_{<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">sp</span></span></span>}<span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">＝</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2.1×10</span></span></span>^{<span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">－</span></span></span>}^{<span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">7</span></span></span>}<span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">。</span></span></span></p><p style="vertical-align: middle;"><span style="font-family: 宋体;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">回答下列问题：</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋体; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">①</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">有同学对第一步反应能否发生产生了怀疑，请通过计算说明该反应能够进行到底。</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋体; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">②</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">该实验中生成的纳米颗粒大小的金属铁，在空气能够自燃，说明纳米铁在空气中自燃的原因。</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;color:blue;"><span leaf=""><br></span></span></p><p><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;color:blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">答案：（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif;color:blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">1</span></span></span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-hansi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;mso-bidi-font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;;color:blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif;color:blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">H</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">C</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">O</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span>}<span style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> = CO↑ + CO</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">↑ + H</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">O</span><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（条件：加热）</span></span><o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p><span style="color: blue; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; color: blue; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span></span><span style="color: blue; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; color: blue; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">D</span></span><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: blue; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; color: blue; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">3</span></span></span><span style="color: blue; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">）</span></span></span><span style="color: blue; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">①</span></span></span><span style="color: blue; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">对于</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; color: blue; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">Fe</span></span>^{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2+</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> +</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif;color:blue;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> H</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">C</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">O</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span>}<span style="background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> = FeC</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">O</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;"> + 2H</span></span>^{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">+</span></span>}</span></span><span style="color: blue; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">，</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; color: blue; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">K= </span></span></span><span style="color: blue; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">（过程略）</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; color: blue; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">=18</span></span></span><span style="color: blue; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">＞</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; color: blue; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">10</span></span>^{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">-5</span></span>}</span><span style="color: blue; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">，该反应是可逆反应；由于生成了</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; color: blue; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">FeC</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">2</span></span>}<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">O</span></span>_{<span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span>}</span><span style="color: blue; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">沉淀，该平衡正向移动，所以反应能够进行到底。</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; color: blue; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><span style="color: blue; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">②</span></span></span><span style="color: blue; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">生成的纳米铁颗粒小，比表面积大，与氧气接触面积大，缓慢氧化释放的能量达到了铁的着火点，铁在空气就发生了自燃。</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family:&quot;Times New Roman&quot;,serif;color:blue;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><p><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><br></span></span></b></p><p><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">3</span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: 宋体; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．草酸的还原性（略）</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><br></span></span></b></p><p><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">4</span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-family: 宋体; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;">．草酸或草酸盐作为沉淀剂的应用（略）</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><o:p></o:p></span></b></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋体; color: blue; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><br></span></span></p><p><span style="font-family: 宋体; color: blue; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;font-weight: bold;">《范汝广说化学》：</span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;, serif; color: blue; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;font-weight: bold;">18101846096</span></span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体; color: blue; background-image: initial; background-position: initial; background-size: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-attachment: initial; background-origin: initial; background-clip: initial;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 16px;font-weight: bold;">（微信同号）</span></span></span></p><p style="display: none;"><mp-style-type data-value="3"></mp-style-type></p></div><p></p>